Medicare can feel overwhelming at first — with Parts A, B, C, and D, plus Medigap and Special Needs Plans, it's easy to get confused. This guide breaks it down simply.
What Is Medicare?
Medicare is the federal health insurance program for people 65 or older, and for certain younger people with disabilities or End-Stage Renal Disease. It's administered by the Centers for Medicare & Medicaid Services (CMS).
The Parts of Medicare
Part A — Hospital Insurance
Covers inpatient hospital stays, skilled nursing facility care, hospice, and some home health services. Most people pay $0 premium for Part A if they've worked and paid Medicare taxes for at least 10 years.
Part B — Medical Insurance
Covers doctor visits, outpatient care, preventive services, lab tests, and medical equipment. The standard 2026 Part B premium is approximately $185/month.
Part C — Medicare Advantage
An alternative to Original Medicare offered by private insurers. Covers everything Parts A and B cover, plus often dental, vision, drugs, and more — often at $0 extra premium.
Learn More →Part D — Drug Coverage
Prescription drug coverage, available as a standalone plan or bundled into most Medicare Advantage plans.
Learn More →When Can I Enroll?
You typically become eligible for Medicare at age 65. Your Initial Enrollment Period begins 3 months before your 65th birthday and ends 3 months after. Each year, the Annual Enrollment Period (October 15 – December 7) allows you to change your coverage.
Read our full guide to Medicare Enrollment Periods →Original Medicare vs. Medicare Advantage
Original Medicare is the traditional government program. Medicare Advantage is an alternative offered through private insurers that often includes extra benefits. Most people find Medicare Advantage delivers more value — but the right choice depends on your individual needs.
Compare Medicare Advantage vs. Original Medicare →